Exodus 22
1 Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
Si un homme dérobe un bœuf ou un agneau et qu’il l’égorge ou le vende, il restituera cinq bœufs pour le bœuf, et quatre agneaux pour l’agneau.
2 If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
Si le voleur est surpris la nuit faisant effraction, et qu’il soit frappé et meure, on n’est pas responsable du sang pour lui;
3 But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
mais si le soleil est levé, on sera responsable du sang pour lui. – Le voleur fera restitution: s’il n’a rien, on le vendra pour ce qu’il a volé.
4 If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
Si ce qu’il a volé, bœuf, âne ou brebis, se trouve encore vivant entre ses mains, il restituera le double.
5 If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
Si un homme fait du dégât dans un champ ou dans une vigne, en laissant son bétail brouter le champ d’autrui, il donnera en dédommagement le meilleur de son champ et le meilleur de sa vigne.
6 Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
Si un feu éclate et que, après avoir atteint les épines, il consume des gerbes, ou du blé sur pied, ou un champ, celui qui aura allumé l’incendie donnera un dédommagement.
7 Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
Si un homme donne en garde à un autre de l’argent ou des objets, et qu’on les vole de la maison de ce dernier, le voleur, si on le trouve, restituera le double.
8 But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
Si le voleur n’est pas trouvé, le maître de la maison se présentera devant Dieu, pour déclarer s’il n’a pas mis la main sur le bien de son prochain.
9 If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
Quel que soit le corps du délit, bœuf, âne, brebis, vêtement ou tout objet perdu, au sujet duquel on dira: « C’est bien cela! » la cause des deux parties ira jusqu’à Dieu, et celui que Dieu aura condamné restituera le double à son prochain.
10 Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
Si un homme donne en garde à un autre un bœuf, une brebis, une tête de bétail quelconque, et que l’animal meure, se casse un membre, ou soit enlevé, sans qu’il y ait de témoin,
11 Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
le serment de Yahweh interviendra entre les deux parties, pour qu’on sache si le dépositaire n’a pas mis la main sur le bien de son prochain; et le propriétaire de la bête acceptera ce serment, et l’autre n’aura pas à indemniser.
12 But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
Mais si la bête a été dérobée chez lui, il aura à indemniser le propriétaire.
13 If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
Si elle a été déchirée par une bête féroce, il en produira les restes en témoignage, et il n’aura pas à indemniser pour la bête déchirée.
14 If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
Si un homme emprunte à un autre une bête, et qu’elle se casse un membre ou meure, son propriétaire n’étant pas présent, il y aura lieu à indemnité.
15 But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
Si le propriétaire est présent, on n’indemnisera pas. Si la bête était louée, le prix de location sera une compensation.
16 “If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
Si un homme séduit une vierge qui n’est pas fiancée, et couche avec elle, il paiera sa dot et la prendra pour femme.
17 But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
Si le père refuse de la lui accorder, le séducteur paiera l’argent qu’on donne pour la dot des vierges.
18 You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
Tu ne laisseras pas vivre la magicienne.
19 You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
Quiconque a commerce avec une bête sera mis à mort.
20 You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
Celui qui offre des sacrifices aux dieux, et non à Yahweh seul, sera voué à l’anathème.
21 You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
Tu ne maltraiteras pas l’étranger et tu ne l’opprimeras point, car vous avez été des étrangers dans le pays d’Égypte.
22 You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
Vous n’affligerez pas la veuve ni l’orphelin.
23 If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
Si tu les affliges, ils crieront vers moi, et j’entendrai leur cri;
24 And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
ma colère s’enflammera, et je vous détruirai par l’épée, et vos femmes seront des veuves et vos enfants des orphelins.
25 If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
Si tu prêtes de l’argent à quelqu’un de mon peuple, au pauvre qui est avec toi, tu ne seras pas à son égard comme un créancier, tu n’exigeras pas de lui d’intérêt.
26 If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
Si tu prends en gage le manteau de ton prochain, tu le lui rendras avant le coucher du soleil;
27 because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
car c’est sa seule couverture, c’est le vêtement dont il s’enveloppe le corps: sur quoi coucherait-il? S’il crie vers moi, je l’entendrai car je suis compatissant.
28 Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
Tu ne blasphémeras pas contre Dieu, et tu ne maudiras pas un prince de ton peuple.
29 (Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
Tu ne différeras pas de m’offrir les prémices de ta moisson et de ton pressoir. Tu me donneras le premier-né de tes fils.
30 You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
Tu feras de même du premier-né de ta vache et de ta brebis: il restera sept jours avec sa mère et le huitième jour tu me le donneras.
31 You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
Vous serez pour moi des hommes saints; vous ne mangerez pas la chair déchirée qui se trouvera dans les champs: vous la jetterez aux chiens.
